When an atom is excited using, light, heat, etc., One of its electrons can absorb energy, jump to the conduction band and move from one molecule to another within a body pruduced a flow of electrons called electricity.
conductivity. It is the property of the atoms of the metals allows electrons revolving in its last orbit or conduction band move through their molecular structure conducting heat or electricity. According to the degree of conductivity that has a body, are classified into three groups:
Drivers. They are all metals lead to a greater or lesser extent, electricity and heat because the atoms tend to give up electrons easily turn in their final orbit. Gold (Au), the Silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn) and platinum (Pt) are good conductors, while iron (Fe) and lead (Pb), for instance, are less so.
insulation or dielectric. Are materials in which electrons revolve in the last orbit of the molecules are strongly attracted to the core. This prevents you from moving freely through the molecular structure to which they belong, so do not drive or heat, or electricity. Among the good insulating materials are mica, Teflon, porcelain, plastics, etc. The air is also considered a good insulator heat and electricity.
Semiconductors. As its name implies, these materials are not exactly good conductors of electricity, but when they are excited electrons can move to the conduction band and to facilitate the electronic flow, but always in one direction. Hence the name "semiconductor."
Among semiconductor components or materials used by industry to make electronic devices such as diodes, transistors, integrated circuits and microprocessors are the silicon (Si), germanium (Ge) and gallium arsenide (GaAs).
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